Howard Chan
Howard Chan
Wrote this guide · international school, Tokyo
IB 45 / 45 (predicted) Incoming Cambridge HSPS Tokyo · UK·US·HK

As an international student who tackled the IB Global Politics IA (and came out with a 7!), I know firsthand the unique challenges this assessment presents. Unlike some other IAs, Global Politics demands a deep dive into real-world issues, often requiring fieldwork or interviews, and a nuanced understanding of political theories. This isn't just about regurgitating textbook definitions; it's about applying them to a specific, observable political situation.

My own journey involved researching the impact of 'comfort women' memorialization on Japan-South Korea relations – a topic that required sensitive interviews and careful analysis of historical narratives. This guide distills my experience, offering practical, non-generic advice to help you choose a strong topic, conduct meaningful research, and structure an IA that genuinely showcases your analytical prowess. Forget the vague advice; this is about actionable steps that helped me secure top marks and get into Cambridge.

Understanding the Global Politics IA: Key Requirements

The Global Politics IA is a 2,000-word research paper, worth 20% of your final grade. It requires you to investigate a contemporary political issue, applying key concepts and theories from the Global Politics syllabus. The core of a strong IA lies in its ability to demonstrate a clear link between a specific, real-world political situation and the broader theoretical frameworks we study.

Crucially, you need to engage with a 'real political issue' – something observable and impactful. This isn't a hypothetical essay. You're expected to gather evidence, which often means primary research like interviews, surveys, or direct observation, alongside secondary sources. The assessment criteria focus on your identification of a political issue, your application of political concepts, the quality of your investigation, and your conclusion.

Topic Selection: Specificity is Your Best Friend

This is where many students falter. Avoid broad topics like 'the Israeli-Palestinian conflict' or 'climate change policy.' These are too vast for 2,000 words. Instead, narrow it down. For example, instead of 'climate change policy,' consider 'The effectiveness of Tokyo's 'Cap-and-Trade' program in reducing industrial emissions between 2010-2020, viewed through the lens of environmental governance.' See the difference? It's specific, measurable, and geographically bounded.

My own topic, 'The impact of 'comfort women' memorialization on Japan-South Korea bilateral relations, applying the concept of historical revisionism,' worked because it focused on a specific aspect of a larger issue, allowing for focused research and analysis. Think about issues within your local community, national politics, or even international organizations you have some connection to. The more accessible your research subjects are, the easier your life will be. Brainstorm 3-5 potential topics and discuss them with your teacher early on.

Formulating a Strong Research Question

Once you have a specific topic, crafting a strong research question is paramount. It should be open-ended, analytical, and directly address your chosen political issue. Avoid 'yes/no' questions. Instead of 'Is the UN effective?', ask 'To what extent has the UN Security Council's veto power undermined its effectiveness in resolving the Syrian civil war (2011-2021)?' This forces you to analyze, weigh evidence, and present a nuanced argument.

My research question was: 'To what extent has the memorialization of 'comfort women' in South Korea influenced the diplomatic relations between Japan and South Korea, particularly through the lens of historical revisionism?' Notice how it specifies the actors (Japan, South Korea), the action (memorialization), and the theoretical framework (historical revisionism). This structure provides a clear roadmap for your investigation.

Research Methodology: Beyond Google Searches

The Global Politics IA strongly encourages primary research. This could involve conducting interviews with local politicians, community leaders, NGO workers, or even ordinary citizens affected by your chosen issue. For my IA, I interviewed several Korean residents in Tokyo about their perceptions of the 'comfort women' issue and its impact on their identity, alongside academics specializing in Japan-Korea relations. This gave my IA a unique, personal dimension and demonstrated genuine engagement with the issue.

If interviews aren't feasible, consider surveys (ensure ethical considerations are met), direct observation of political events (e.g., local council meetings, protests), or analyzing official documents and reports not widely discussed in secondary sources. Complement this with robust secondary research from academic journals, reputable news organizations, and books. Always critically evaluate your sources for bias and reliability.

Structuring Your IA: A Logical Flow

A typical IA structure includes: an introduction (background, research question, scope, methodology), a literature review (briefly situating your topic within existing academic discourse), an analysis section, and a conclusion. The analysis is the core: this is where you present your evidence and link it explicitly to Global Politics concepts and theories.

For example, if analyzing a protest movement, you might discuss 'power' (soft vs. hard), 'resistance,' and 'legitimacy.' If examining international trade agreements, 'interdependence,' 'sovereignty,' and 'human rights' might be relevant. Each paragraph in your analysis should introduce a point, provide evidence (from your research), and then explain how that evidence supports your argument and connects to a Global Politics concept. Don't just describe; analyze and explain the political implications.

Applying Global Politics Concepts and Theories

This is the 'Global Politics' part of the Global Politics IA. Don't just mention concepts; apply them. If you're discussing a border dispute, don't just say 'sovereignty is involved.' Explain *how* sovereignty is being challenged or asserted, referencing specific actions or statements. Use the language of the syllabus: 'power,' 'sovereignty,' 'legitimacy,' 'interdependence,' 'human rights,' 'justice,' 'equality,' 'peace,' 'development,' 'conflict,' 'violence,' 'governance,' 'identity,' 'citizenship,' 'protest,' 'resistance,' 'security,' 'globalization,' 'humanitarianism,' 'intervention,' 'multilateralism,' etc.

My IA explicitly used 'historical revisionism' as a lens. I didn't just define it; I showed how Japan's official narratives and South Korea's memorialization efforts represented competing historical interpretations, fueling diplomatic tensions and impacting their 'interdependence' and 'security' in the region. This deep, consistent integration of theory throughout your analysis is what elevates a good IA to an excellent one.

Writing and Refining: Clarity, Cohesion, and Word Count

Write in a clear, academic style. Avoid colloquialisms or overly dramatic language. Ensure your arguments flow logically from one paragraph to the next. Use topic sentences to guide the reader through your analysis. Remember, the 2,000-word limit is strict. Be concise. Every sentence should contribute to your argument.

Allocate sufficient time for editing and proofreading. I drafted my IA over several weeks, leaving it for a few days before returning with fresh eyes. Get feedback from your teacher, but also from a peer or even a non-specialist to ensure clarity. Check for grammatical errors, spelling mistakes, and awkward phrasing. A polished IA reflects attention to detail, which is always appreciated by examiners.

Frequently asked questions

While you can draw on historical context, the IA must focus on a contemporary political issue. You can analyze the *impact* of a historical event on current political dynamics, but the core analysis should be about the present-day implications and observable political situation. For example, analyzing how the legacy of colonialism affects current resource distribution in a specific African nation is acceptable, but simply describing colonial history is not.
While not strictly 'mandatory' in all cases, the IB strongly encourages primary research and it significantly strengthens your IA. It demonstrates initiative, deeper engagement with the issue, and provides unique insights not found in secondary sources. If direct interviews or surveys aren't possible, consider analyzing primary documents like government reports, NGO statements, or UN resolutions as your 'primary' evidence.
Start by identifying the core political dynamics of your chosen issue. Is it about power struggles? Human rights violations? Economic interdependence? Conflict resolution? Once you've identified these, refer to the Global Politics syllabus and see which key concepts and theories best explain those dynamics. Don't force a concept; let the issue guide your choice. Often, multiple concepts will be relevant, but focus on 2-3 that are most central to your argument.
Describing is simply stating what happened or what something is (e.g., 'Protesters marched in the streets'). Analyzing involves explaining *why* it happened, *how* it happened, and *what its implications are*, especially in relation to Global Politics concepts (e.g., 'The protests represent an assertion of 'resistance' against perceived state 'illegitimacy,' challenging the government's 'sovereignty' over public discourse'). Always aim for analysis.
Yes, it is possible, but it makes achieving the highest marks more challenging. A 7 typically requires demonstrating a very high level of personal engagement and insight, which primary research often facilitates. If you rely solely on secondary sources, your analysis needs to be exceptionally insightful, critical, and demonstrate a profound understanding and application of concepts, going beyond what's immediately obvious.
Extremely important. The 2,000-word limit is a hard cap. Examiners will stop reading once you hit it, and anything beyond will not be marked. This means you must be concise and prioritize your most important arguments and evidence. Practicing writing within limits is a crucial skill for university as well.
The takeaway

The IB Global Politics IA is your opportunity to apply theoretical knowledge to a real-world issue, showcasing your analytical skills. Success hinges on selecting a specific, researchable topic, formulating a precise question, conducting meaningful primary research where possible, and consistently linking your evidence to core Global Politics concepts. Start early, be meticulous in your research, and refine your writing to ensure clarity and conciseness, demonstrating a deep, nuanced understanding that goes beyond surface-level description.